The hotel company was incorporated last week, the stock is all subscribed, and the big hotel will now be pushed to completion. — Boston Colorado, Western World, April 1887

The County Seat Wars of the American West, which were most famous in Kansas, represent a tumultuous period in the late 19th century characterized by intense and often violent competition among towns vying to become the administrative centers of newly established counties. These conflicts, fueled by economic aspirations and civic pride, played a significant role in shaping the political and social landscape of Kansas during its formative years.

Origins of the County Seat Wars

As Kansas transitioned from a territory to statehood in 1861, the rapid influx of settlers led to the creation of numerous new counties. Each county required a designated seat of government where county offices, courthouses, and other administrative functions would be located. The designation of a county seat promised substantial economic benefits, including increased population, business opportunities, and infrastructure development. Consequently, towns fiercely competed for this designation.

Spreading to Southeastern Colorado

The fervor and intensity of the Kansas County Seat Wars did not remain confined to Kansas alone. Similar conflicts spilled over into southeastern Colorado, where towns such as Springfield and Boston, Minneapolis and Vilas found themselves embroiled in comparable struggles for county seat designation. In the spring of 1889, Springfield was named the county seat in the 1889 Colorado legislature. The same mix of economic promise and civic pride drove these disputes, leading to fierce rivalries and contentious elections. Towns in southeastern Colorado adopted many of the same tactics seen in Kansas, including voter drives, propaganda, and at times, violent confrontations. This extension of the county seat wars into Colorado further illustrates the widespread and deeply felt impact of these contests on the development and settlement patterns of the American frontier.

From Print to Digital:

Although all of the towns listed above competed for the county seat, one event caught the attention of news outlets across the country. In 1890, the news of the Boston Colorado Hotel burning reached, approximately, 350 news outlets across the country. This was an incredible feat for its time, considering the limitations of communication and technology.

Comparison to Modern Virality: Imagine a story going viral today—spreading across social media platforms, news websites, and blogs within minutes. Back then, the dissemination relied on telegraphs, newspapers, and word of mouth. Yet, the 1890 Boston Hotel fire managed to capture national attention in an era without the internet or instant communication.

• 1890: News traveled through telegraphs and printed newspapers, taking days or even weeks to reach a wide audience.
• Today: Stories can go viral within hours, reaching millions globally through social media, news apps, and online sharing.

Both eras reflect the human desire to share impactful stories, though the methods have evolved dramatically. The Boston Hotel fire’s extensive coverage in 1890 is a testament to the enduring power of news, whether through printed words or digital bytes.

A Brief History of the County Seat Wars

The county seat wars left lasting impacts on the American West’s development. Towns that won county seat status such as Springfield Colorado often experienced rapid growth and prosperity, while those that lost such as Vilas, Minneapolis and Boston Colorado faced economic decline or even abandonment. The conflicts also highlighted the need for more structured and regulated processes in establishing county seats, leading to legislative reforms in subsequent years.

The legacy of the County Seat Wars is a testament to the determination and resilience of those early settlers. These events underscored the importance of civic institutions in community development and the lengths to which people would go to secure their futures. Today, the tales of these wars are woven into the fabric of Baca County’s rich history, reflecting a unique period of ambition, conflict, and transformation.

Sam Konkel, publisher and editor of the Boston, Colorado, Western World, witnessed the rise and fall of Boston, Colorado tells us the following about the Boston Hotel in the Springfield Herald, (Springfield Colorado June 7, 1918 issue.

Information has reached us that the hotel was sold Monday at Trinidad for $525 to Jas Ward.  Now the question is to whom does the hotel belong?  — Boston Colorado Western World, March 1889.

The building of the Boston hotel was an epoch in old time events, the building becoming after built the great civic and diplomatic center of the famous old town.

The building was about 40 x 60, two story, had something like 20 sleeping apartments and cost in the neighborhood of $6,000.

The facts are the hotel never paid a dollar on the Investments. It was built during the summer of 1887, and by the time it was finished the far-seeing ones could easily begin to surmise that there were breakers on ahead for the thousands and thousands of good people in the highland west. 

The leasee of the hotel, a Mr. Gumm, did fairly well during the winter of 87-88.  Then immigration ceased, the money the boys brought with them was gone, there was nothingdoing to enable anybody to earn more money, and the Gumm family being a very large one they were obliged to give up the hotel and to leave the country to make a living.

During the summer of 87 and winter of 87-88 there were several eating places in Boston, but one dropped out after another until the hotel was left and it was doing no business.

During all this time though the hotel remained a great civic and social center.  Dances and various other social functions were scheduled at the hotel, often weekly, but probably averaging once a month.

Incidentally, at these dances the so-called cowboys of the neutral strip, particularly Billy the Kid, Bill Thompson and Ben Darnel were made much of, and certainly they should have felt grateful for their treatment, whether they did or not.

After the Gumm family left, the hotel fell into the hands of about three different leasees, not one of whom we suppose paid more than promises for the use of it, as there was just practically no money taken in to pay with.

During the summer of ‘88 people were pulling out by the hundred.  ‘87 was the first year, and it be a sad crop and the season somewhat dry, the crop made nothing, and ‘88 the people began to “gin it up” and to pull their freight.

Then came the final straw that broke the Boston camel’s back — the losing of the county seat. Everybody by this time knew that the country was a goner, and the days of the eternal city were numbered.

And there say that great massive hotel, as a commentary on Burnes reverie on on the plans of mice and men often going awry.

Who it belonged to we are not able at this time to say. Hughes had a controlling interest in it to start with, and he may afterwards have bought some of the interests of others, but it is not likely he did all of them.  Hence the quandary as to whom the hotel actually belonged. 

Having bought it, the next thing was to move it — and of course that was a long and tedious job.  A regular moving outfit was secured, and slowly by horse power leverage and rope and pulleys the building was worming its way to its new location, and on a certain night after several days found itself on the south banks of the famous San Arroyo in the present old Christie pasture.

Also about one or two score of the men who weren’t in sympathy with the saddling of a debt of $5,000 or such a matter on to the county for a building that cost a song, found the building at said night’s resting place, over, overpowered the sleepy sentinels, told them to take their traps and hike it, and then in the course of an hour that hotel was furnishing the greatest bonfire the county has ever known.

And thus Jim Church, banker Curran and others didn’t make a thousand per cent out of their investment off the county; and thus the famous Boston hotel ended its famous career — just one of the links in the chain of the thousands and thousands of tragedies that were making history all over this rainless west in those days.

Approximately 350 newspapers  across the United States ran the story of the burning of the Boston Colorado Hotel along with a sampling of the headers and news snippets on the event.

Albany Ledger (Albany, Missouri) 3 Oct 1890, Fri Page 2
Albuquerque Journal (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 26 Sep 1890.
Alexandria Gazette (Alexandria, Virginia) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Alma News (Alma, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 3
Almena County Plaindealer (Almena, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Arcadia Times (Arcadia, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
Argus-Leader (Sioux Falls, South Dakota) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Arizona Republic (Phoenix, Arizona) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Arkansas City Daily Traveler (Arkansas City, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890
Ashland Weekly Journal (Ashland, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Barton County Democrat (Great Bend, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Beaver Valley Tribune (Beaver City, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Beloit Weekly Courier (Beloit, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Birmingham Daily Post (Birmingham, West Midlands, England) ·  29 Sep 1890, Mon ·  Page 8.tif
Bismarck Weekly Tribune (Bismarck, North Dakota) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Brown County World (Hiawatha, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 8
Buffalo Courier (Buffalo, New York) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 1
Buffalo Evening News (Buffalo, New York) ·  26 Sep 1890
Buffalo Evening News (Buffalo, New York) ·  27 Sep 1890
Burden Saturday Journal (Burden, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Burlington Free Press (Burlington, Wisconsin) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
Burns Mirror (Burns, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Cawker City Public Record (Cawker City, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 4
Cedar County Republican (Stockton, Missouri) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2Downloaded on Jul 21, 2
Chase County Courant (Cottonwood Falls, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Chattanooga Daily Times (Chattanooga, Tennessee) ·  26 Sep 1890
Chicago Tribune (Chicago, Illinois) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 5
Chimney Rock Transcript (Bayard, Nebraska) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 3
Chippewa Herald-Telegram (Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1.tif
Chippewa Herald-Telegram (Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 4
Clay County Sentinel (Morganville, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Clifton News (Clifton, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Clyde Herald (Clyde, Kansas) ·  24 Sep 1890
Colony Free Press (Colony, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Columbus Courier (Columbus, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Columbus Daily Telegram (Columbus, Nebraska) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Concordia Empire (Concordia, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 5
Conway Springs Star (Northfield, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Daily Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock, Arkansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Daily Kansas People (Osage City, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 4
Democratic Messenger (Eureka, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 4
Der Deutsche Correspondent (Baltimore, Maryland) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 4
Dispatch (Hope, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
Dodge City Times (Dodge City, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Duncannon Record (Duncannon, Pennsylvania) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Echo-Advocate (Coldwater, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
El Paso Times (El Paso, Texas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Ellis Review Headlight (Ellis, Kansas) ·  30 Sep 1890, Tue ·  Page 2
Emmons County Record (Linton, North Dakota) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Farmers’ Signal (Paola, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Fitchburg Sentinel (Fitchburg, Massachusetts) ·  26 Sep 1890.tif
Fort Scott Daily Tribune and Fort Scott Daily Monitor (Fort Scott, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890
Fort Worth Daily Gazette (Fort Worth, Texas) ·  26 Sep 1890
Fremont Tribune (Fremont, Nebraska) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Garfield County Call (Eminence, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Garnett Journal (Garnett, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Garnett Journal-Plaindealer (Garnett, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Geneseo Herald (Geneseo, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Gothenburg Independent (Gothenburg, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 3
Great Falls Tribune (Great Falls, Montana) ·  26 Sep 1890
Greeley County Republican (Tribune, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 3
Green Bay Press-Gazette (Green Bay, Wisconsin) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Greenleaf Journal (Greenleaf, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Guthrie Democrat (Guthrie, Oklahoma) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Hartford Courant (Hartford, Connecticut) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Hazelton Express (Hazelton, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Hope Dispatch (Hope, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
Hutchinson Times (Hutchinson, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 6
Idaho County Free Press (Grangeville, Idaho) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Indianapolis-Journal-Sep 26, 1890-p-3
Iron County Register (Ironton, Missouri) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
Jamestown Weekly Alert (Jamestown, North Dakota) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 3
Jetmore Reveille (Jetmore, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Jetmore Reveille (Jetmore, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Jewell County Republican (Jewell, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Johnson City Journal (Johnson City, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
Kansas People (Osage City, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 6
Kincaid Kronicle (Kincaid, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Kingman County Democrat (Kingman, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Kiowa County Signal (Greensburg, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Kiowa County Times (Greensburg, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
La Plata Home Press (La Plata, Missouri) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 6
Labette County Democrat (Oswego, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Lancaster New Era (Lancaster, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 3
Lawrence Daily Journal (Lawrence, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890
LeRoy Reporter (LeRoy, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Lincoln Beacon (Lincoln, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Lincoln Journal Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Linn County Clarion (Mound City, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Linn County Republic (Mound City, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Logansport Pharos-Tribune (Logansport, Indiana) ·  26 Sep 1890,
Logansport Pharos-Tribune (Logansport, Indiana) ·  26 Sep 1890
Logansport Reporter (Logansport, Indiana) ·  26 Sep 1890
Manhattan Mercury (Manhattan, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
Marion Headlight (Marion, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Marion Record (Marion, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Marysville Evening Democrat (Marysville, California) ·  29 Sep 1890, Mon ·  Page 2
Minneapolis Messenger (Minneapolis, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
Mississippi Enterprise (McComb, Mississippi) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Mohave County Miner (Mineral Park, Arizona) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Montreal River Miner and Iron County Republican (Hurley, Wisconsin) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Moundridge Journal (Moundridge, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Mulvane Record (Mulvane, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890,
Nemaha County Republican (Sabetha, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 6.tif
Ness City Sentinel (Ness City, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Ness County News (Ness City, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
New-York Tribune (New York, New York) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 7
Newton Daily Republican (Newton, Kansas) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
Norfolk Daily News (Norfolk, Nebraska) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Northumberland County Democrat (Sunbury, Pennsylvania) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 3
Oberlin Opinion (Oberlin, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 3
Osage County Graphic (Lyndon, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Osage County Times (Scranton, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Osawatomie Graphic (Osawatomie, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Osceola Record (Osceola, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Parsons Daily Eclipse (Parsons, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Phillips County Freeman (Logan, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Pittsburgh Daily Post (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890
Pittsburgh Dispatch (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890
Portage Daily Register (Portage, Wisconsin) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Ravanna Chieftain (Ravanna, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Republican-Gazette (Gove City, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Rice County Eagle (Lyons, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Roanoke Beacon (Plymouth, North Carolina) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Salina Daily Republican (Salina, Kansas) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
San Francisco Chronicle (San Francisco, California) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Santa Fe Monitor (Santa Fe, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Sedwick County Reporter (Colwich, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Sep 26, 1890-Burlington-Hawk-Eye-p-4.jpeg
Seward County Populist (Springfield, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Smith County Journal (Smith Center, Kansas) ·  11 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
Spokane Falls Review (Spokane, Washington) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 8
Spring Hill New Era (Spring Hill, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
St. Joseph News-Press (St. Joseph, Missouri) ·  29 Sep 1890, Mon ·  Page 4
St. Joseph Saturday Herald (Saint Joseph, Michigan) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
St. Louis Globe-Democrat (St. Louis, Missouri) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Missouri) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
St. Mary’s Star (St. Marys, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Stafford County Republican (Stafford, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890
Stanton County Republican (Johnson City, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
State Line Register (Lamborn, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Sterling Daily Gazette (Sterling, Illinois) ·  26 Sep 1890
Sterling Gazette (Sterling, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
Sterling Weekly Champion (Sterling, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 3
Steuben Republican (Angola, Indiana) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
Strong City Derrick (Strong City, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Sunday News (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 6
The Advance (St. John, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Algona Republican (Algona, Iowa) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
The Algona Upper Des Moines (Algona, Iowa) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
The Alliance Echo (Sharon Springs, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Alton Empire (Alton, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Americus Greeting (Americus, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Anaconda Standard (Anaconda, Montana) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Arkalon News (Arkalon, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Atchison Daily Champion (Atchison, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890.
The Atchison Daily Globe (Atchison, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 3
The Atlanta Constitution (Atlanta, Georgia) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 4
The Baltimore Sun (Baltimore, Maryland) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Barber County Herald (Medicine Lodge, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Barton County Democrat (Great Bend, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Beatrice Daily Express (Beatrice, Nebraska) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Belleville Telescope (Belleville, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Belvidere Standard (Belvidere, Illinois) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 6
The Bern Press (Bern, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Birmingham News (Birmingham, Alabama) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Blue Mound Sun (Blue Mound, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Boston Globe (Boston, Massachusetts) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Bronson Pilot (Bronson, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Bucyrus Evening Telegraph (Bucyrus, Ohio) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Buffalo Times (Buffalo, New York) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Burlington Democrat (Burlington, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Burlington Free Press (Burlington, Vermont) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Caney Phoenix (Caney, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Chadron Democrat (Chadron, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 5
The Champaign Daily Gazette (Champaign, Illinois) ·  26 Sep 1890,
The Chase Record (Chase, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Cherokee Sentinel (Cherokee, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Chillicothe Constitution-Tribune (Chillicothe, Missouri) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Cincinnati Enquirer (Cincinnati, Ohio) ·  26 Sep 1890,
The Citizen (Howard, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 1
The Clifton Review (Clifton, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 4
The Clinton Eye (Clinton, Missouri) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2\
The Concordia Blade (Concordia, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Courier-Journal (Louisville, Kentucky) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Courier-Tribune (Seneca, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Cunningham Chronicle (Cunningham, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Daily Deadwood Pioneer-Times (Deadwood, South Dakota) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 7
The Daily Mail (Wellington, Kansas) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Daily Times (Davenport, Iowa) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Dighton Herald (Dighton, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Dodge City Globe (Dodge City, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 4 copy
The Dodge City Globe (Dodge City, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 6
The Douglas County Herald (Ava, Missouri) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Dwight Independent (Dwight, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Edna News (Edna, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Ellinwood Advocate (Ellinwood, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
The Enterprise (Williamsburg, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Erie Record (Erie, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Eskridge Tribune-Star and Eskridge Independent (Eskridge, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 4
The Eudora Weekly News (Eudora, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Eufaula Daily Times (Eufaula, Alabama) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Eureka Herald and Greenwood County Republican (Eureka, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Evening Bulletin (Maysville, Kentucky) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Evening Dispatch (Arkansas City, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Evening Gazette (Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Exponent (Randall, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Fairbury Gazette (Fairbury, Nebraska) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 6
The Fall River Daily Herald (Fall River, Massachusetts) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Fort Scott Lantern (Fort Scott, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
The Galva Times (Galva, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Greeley News (Greeley, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
The Greenfield Vidette (Greenfield, Missouri) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Grenada Sentinel (Grenada, Mississippi) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Hamilton County Ledger (Noblesville, Indiana) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Hanover Democrat and Enterprise (Hanover, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Hartford Call (Hartford, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Hartford Weekly Call (Hartford, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Hays Free Press (Hays, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Head-light (Thayer, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2.tif
The Herald (Towanda, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Hiawatha Journal (Hiawatha, Kansas) ·  23 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Hickman Courier (Hickman, Kentucky) ·  10 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 3
The Hoisington Dispatch (Hoisington, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Indianapolis Journal (Indianapolis, Indiana) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Inter Ocean (Chicago, Illinois) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Iola Register (Iola, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Jasper Weekly Courier (Jasper, Indiana) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Journal Times (Racine, Wisconsin) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Journal and Tribune (Knoxville, Tennessee) ·  26 Sep 1890,
The Journal-Democrat (Dodge City, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Junction City Sentinel (Junction City, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Junction City Tribune (Junction City, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Kansas City Gazette (Kansas City, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 4
The Kansas City Star (Kansas City, Missouri) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Kansas City Times (Kansas City, Missouri) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Kensington Mirror (Kensington, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Kincaid Dispatch (Kincaid, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Kinsley Graphic (Kinsley, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Kiowa Journal (Kiowa, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The La Crosse Chieftain (La Crosse, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Lamar Register (Lamar, Colorado) ·  18 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 4
The Lamar Register (Lamar, Colorado) ·  2 Aug 1890
The Lamar Register (Lamar, Colorado) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Lamar Register (Lamar, Colorado) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 4
The Lancaster Examiner (Lancaster, Pennsylvania) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
The Lane Leader (Lane, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Leader Courier (Kingman, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 4
The Lebanon Journal (Lebanon, Kansas) ·  9 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Lebanon Times (Lebanon, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Leonardville Monitor (Leonardville, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Liberty Review (Liberty, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Lima News (Lima, Ohio) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Lindsborg News=Record (Lindsborg, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Logan County Banner (Russell Springs, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Logan Republican (Logan, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, California) ·  26 Sep 1890,
The Lyons Republican (Lyons, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Macon Telegraph (Macon, Georgia) ·  26 Sep 1890.tif
The Manchester Sun (Manchester, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Marquette Tribune (Marquette, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The McCook Tribune (McCook, Nebraska) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 7
The McCune Herald (McCune, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The McLouth Times (McLouth, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Montgomery Advertiser (Montgomery, Alabama) ·  26 Sep 1890,.tif
The Morning Call (Allentown, Pennsylvania) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 1
The Morning Journal-Courier (New Haven, Connecticut) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Morning Post (Camden, New Jersey) ·  26 Sep 1890.tif
The Morrill Weekly News (Morrill, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Muscatine Journal (Muscatine, Iowa) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Neosho Falls Post (Neosho Falls, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Neosho Rapids Pilot (Neosho Rapids, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The News Chronicle (Scott City, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The News-Courant (Cottonwood Falls, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The News-Palladium (Benton Harbor, Michigan) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Nickerson Argosy (Nickerson, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Norfolk Weekly News (Norfolk, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The North Bend Argus (North Bend, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 3
The Olathe Leader (Olathe, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Onaga Herald (Onaga, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Osage County Chronicle (Burlingame, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Osage County Sentinel (Quenemo, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
The Ottawa Lever (Ottawa, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Parsons Daily Sun (Parsons, Kansas) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Parsons Weekly Sun (Parsons, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Paxton Record (Paxton, Illinois) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
The Peabody Gazette-Herald (Peabody, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Peabody Weekly Republican (Peabody, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 6
The People’s Reveille (Hill City, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Plain Speaker (Hazleton, Pennsylvania) ·  29 Sep 1890, Mon ·  Page 1
The Pleasanton Herald (Pleasanton, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1.tif
The Post-Star (Glens Falls, New York) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 1
The Pratt Republican (Pratt, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
The Record-Union (Sacramento, California) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1 1
The Record-Union (Sacramento, California) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1 2
The Red Cloud Chief (Red Cloud, Nebraska) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Republican (Greensburg, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Republican Statesman (Bassett, Nebraska) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Richfield Monitor (Richfield, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Rock Island Argus (Rock Island, Illinois) ·  26 Sep 1890.tif
The Rossville Times (Rossville, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 3
The Russell Record (Russell, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
The Saint Paul Globe (Saint Paul, Minnesota) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Salem Daily News (Salem, Ohio) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Scottsboro Citizen (Scottsboro, Alabama) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Sedgwick Pantagraph (Sedgwick, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Sentinel (Carlisle, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Somerset Herald (Somerset, Pennsylvania) ·  8 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 4
The South Haven New Era (South Haven, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1.tif
The Stockton Clipper (Stockton, Kansas) ·  1 Oct 1890, Wed ·  Page 2
The Stockton Review and Rooks County Record (Stockton, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Sumner County Standard (Wellington, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Sylvan Grove Sentinel (Sylvan Grove, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Tennessean (Nashville, Tennessee) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Tescott Herald (Tescott, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Times (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Times-Democrat (New Orleans, Louisiana) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 4
The Times-Picayune (New Orleans, Louisiana) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Topeka Daily Capital (Topeka, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890,
The Topeka Daily Press (Topeka, Kansas) ·  26 Sep 1890
The Toronto Republican (Toronto, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Tribune (Union, Missouri) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Valley Falls New Era (Valley Falls, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 6
The Wahpeton Times (Wahpeton, North Dakota) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 5
The Warrensburg Standard (Warrensburg, Missouri) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Washburn Leader (Washburn, North Dakota) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 3
The Weekly Chieftain (Vinita, Indian Territory (Oklahoma)) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Weekly Graphic (Huron, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Weekly Guard (Council Grove, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
The Western Economist (La Crosse, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
The Western Farmer (Farmer City, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Western News (Stockton, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer (Wheeling, West Virginia) ·  26 Sep 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
The Whitewater Tribune (Whitewater, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
The Whiting Weekly News (Whiting, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 1
The Wichita Beacon (Wichita, Kansas) ·  27 Sep 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
The Wilkes-Barre Record (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania) ·  29 Sep 1890, Mon ·  Page 2
The Winona Clipper (Winona, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Topeka Republican (Topeka, Kansas) ·  28 Sep 1890, Sun ·  Page 2
Tri-County News (Scottsville, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Tyrone Daily Herald (Tyrone, Pennsylvania) ·  26 Sep 1890
Ulysses Plainsman (Ulysses, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 2
Valley Falls Register (Valley Falls, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 6
Virgil Review (Virgil, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Waterville Telegraph (Waterville, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 1
Wellsville Globe (Wellsville, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 2
Wessington Springs Herald (Wessington Springs, South Dakota) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Western Kansas World (WaKeeney, Kansas) ·  4 Oct 1890, Sat ·  Page 6
Westliche Post (St. Louis, Missouri) ·  26 Sep 1890, German
Westphalia Times (Westphalia, Kansas) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 1
Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, the Evening News, Wilkes-Barre Record (Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania) ·  29 Sep 1890, Mon ·  Page 2
Wilsey Bulletin (Wilsey, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2
Wood County Reporter (Grand Rapids, Wisconsin) ·  2 Oct 1890, Thu ·  Page 6
Woodson Democrat (Yates Center, Kansas) ·  3 Oct 1890, Fri ·  Page 2